Claude Shannon Genius Comparable To Einstein Philosophy Essay

Claude Shannon Genius Comparable To Einstein Philosophy EssayThe world is filled with all(prenominal) types of technologies and cultivation. There ar computers that make normally tedious tasks simplier, phones that allows instant communication across the world, CDs that can store large amounts of culture in a small argona. In modern times, we take for granted how much easier our daily life is with these innovations. It truly is a large step from the candles centuries ago to flicking a switch to solve up a room. Of course, this step couldnt engage been taken with protrude the work and studies by Claude Shannon. When described, Claude Shannon is said to have an ever lasting curiosity and a thirst for knowledge. Shannon is regular(a) compared to Albert Einstein for his ability to come up with strange yet groundbreaking ideas. He came up with the idea of digital circuitry, found a way to face human genetics with algebra, an of the essence(p) surmise ab come on learning, and h as done a lot of work in cryptology. Even then, that is just scratching the surface of what he has accomplished. Just one of these accomplishments could have forever written him into the textbooks. It is important to note that Shannon, while intelligent, was in no means the most knowledgeable person thither is. Like Einstein, Shannons genius came from his drive to satisfy his curiosity and ability to think outside the box. Claude Shannons pursuit of knowledge led to large technological advancements that shaped the States and the rest of the world.Throughout his absolute life, Claude Shannon has achieved many accomplishments that effectively makes him forever remembered throughout America and, to a lesser degree, the world. Shannon was born in Petoskey, Michigan on April 30, 1916. go growing up, he was talented in the fields of science and mathematics and looked up to a famous distant relative, Thomas Edison. art object his father do mathematics a hobby, it was his grandfather th at helped influence Shannons love for science. Shannon built many small devices such as a telegraph or a upstage controlled model boat in his free time as a child. This child like urge to invent and discover lasted throughout nearly his entire life.During 1932, Shannon graduated high school and then enrolled at the University of Michigan a short time later. Four years later in 1936, Shannon graduated with a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering as well as a B.S. degree in Mathematics. After his graduation from the University of Michigan, he entered the Massachusetts bring in of Technology as a research assistant to two further his studies towards a higher degree and work part time. It was during this time that he wrote his police chief thesis on digital circuitry as well as his doctorate thesis for representing genetics with algebra. In 1940 his earned his masters degree in galvanizing engineering and doctorate in mathematics.After his graduation, Shannon went on to work at Be ll Telephone Laboratories. For over a year, he did numerous amounts of works such as creating a new design for switching circuits. In 1941, a committee was formed to design anti-aircraft detectors in order to improve the war effort. Shannon was invited to join, and helped lay off the completed design. It was due to this that the bombing effort against England ended with less casualties than in that location could have been. For the next 15 years, Shannon spent his time amongst many successful and important mathematicians and engineers. This time period is also when Shannon developed his Information Theory, which was published in 1948.Claude Shannons contributions to America received a lot of recognition. For his theory on digital circuits, he received the Alfred Noble Prize reward in 1939. President Lyndon B. Johnson presented Shannon with the National Medal of Science in 1966, and in the same year he was wedded the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Hono r. In 1985, Shannon also received the Kyoto Prize which is comm besides compared to the Nobel Prize in America. Among many other rewards, Shannon also has nearly a dozen honorary doctorates in various universities and was inducted in the National Inventors Hall of Fame.Even after he became an adult, Shannon maintained his childish personality, his passion for inventing, and drive to stretch forth his knowledge. In his life, he made numerous divers(prenominal) small toys, many of which he felt were just as important, if not more so, than his theories that changed the world. John Horgan told his puzzle with interviewing Shannon, Im trying to get him to recall how he came up with the theory of information. But Shannonis tired of expounding on his past. Wouldnt I sooner see his toys? (**) Shannon most potential felt that each of his toys were just as important as anything else he thought of. He just wasnt content with coming up with revolutionizing ideas, no, he went to a higher pla ce and beyond to discover everything he could. This is why Shannon was immortalized as one of the greatest thinkers. It wasnt a matter of finding fame and fortune, he was just as content to reach robots that can juggle as he was for creating his famous information theory.It is the fate of every living creature to horizontaltually die, and although Shannons ideals will be forever immortalized, he too could not resist this fate. He died on February 24, 2001, after losing a battle against Alzheimers disease. Shannon is survived by his wife Mary Elizabeth Shannon, along with three children.In the eighteenth century, a genius mathematician named George Boole created a method to solve or model logical statements using algebraic expressions. Boole named his concept Booles system, and is more commsolely known as boolean logic. This logic revolves around ones and zeroes along with logic gates that take input(s) and then give out an output. Another way to think of these ones and zeroes is t rue and false, or on and off. At the time of creation, George Boole received little to no praise for developing this system after all, there didnt seem to be any very use with it. While George Boole died without his system going anywhere, Claude Shannon found out the huge amount of potential George Booles idea had when applied to circuits.While at MIT, Claude Shannon worked with an associate named Vannevar scrub on studying an analog computer called a differential analyzer. This computer used wheel and disk mechanisms in order to solve equations typically encountered in calculus. Shannon noticed that the circuits used in the computer had only two states of being, namely on and off. Reminded of Booles system from his math courses, Shannon thought about the possibility of applying that logic to circuits and realise it could open up a wide range of new possibilities and usages. Shannon used this discovery for his master thesis at MIT, called A Symbolic Analysis of pass and Switchi ng Circuits. H. H. Goldstine, in his book The Computer from Pascal to Von Neumann, called Shannons these one of the most worlds important masters thesis ever written (6).Digital circuitry is based heavy on Booles system. Yet, instead of theoretical ones and zeroes, it uses two states of being on and off. Think of a button that was pressed, will send electricity to a light, thus fervour it up. Now, this doesnt have much variety. Press the button and the light goes on, release it and the light goes off. If a logic gate from boolean logic is borrowed, say the AND gate, then there is a large amount of possibilties that open up. An AND gate would only give out electricity to the light if and only if it has two sources of electricity flowing into it. If there are two buttons that each lead to the AND gate, than the light would only go on when both buttons are pushed or rather when both buttons give electricity to the AND gate. While this is a simple example of how digital circuitry w orks, there are plenty of other more useful examples including lightning quick mathematical calculations or unchangeable data storage that can be read and editted. Of course, those are rather complex designs to complete.No matter where one looks, digital circuitry is prevalent. It forms of the core of every digital device ranging from something as simple as a bedside lamp to the digital computers used to browse the internet. Without the idea of digital circuitry, the world would be a vastly different place than what it currently is. Electrical engineers immediately adapted his ideas on digital circuitry for their use in World War II. The creation of pocket calculators were made, removing the necassity for slide rules in many jobs. The home computer started to come into existance a couple decades afterwards. Just about everything that was invented decades afterwards and used electricity relied on Shannons thesis. Even technology that was invented forwards Shannons thesis was publis hed could be refurbished into a device far more efficient, accurate, and of a higher quality overall.Communication across distances didnt always start out with crystal clear messages, nor was communication properly understood. Before the mid 20th century, the idea of telegraphs, telephones, television, and akin(predicate) devices were rigid and unadaptable. It was thought that telephones could only send signals that represent voices, and only that. As such, a situation such as sending a video over a phone line would be dismissed as fantasy back then, even though its done currently. This all changed with the publishing of Shannons information theory in his paper, Mathematical Theory of Communication.Claude Shannon didnt just pop out a theory after thinking for a little while. Although he can claim to have developed the information theory fully, he did have help from research a few decades previously. Harry Nyquists paper in 1924, Certain Factors Affecting Telegraph Speed, has multip le important ideas inscribed in it. For instance, he started to stray from the idea of focusing on the content of the signals, and instead focused on the fact that the signals are information. Nyquist also developed a formula to shape that max amount of intelligence that can be described in a message. Of course, it still had its flaws for it only worked on a telegraph wires. Four laters later, in 1928, another engineer named R.V.L. Hartley wrote a paper that improved on Nyquists rule to work on more systems of transmission. This paper emphasised that transmitting information should only depend on making sure the transmission from start to end is distinguished, without outside signals intruding nor one worry about the meaning of the information. Shannon cited the works of both Nyquist and Hartley in his paper, and when interviewed decades later, he mentioned the importance of their ideas to his own (**).Now what is this all important information theory that keeps being mentioned? In its most basic form, it contains two parts. First, it gives the customary idea of on the definition and measurement of information. Information is based on the logarithm of possible symbols availaible. Shannon used the logarithm base of 2, which mean that the smallest unit of information is represented by either a zero or a one, which was called a bit. Sound familiar? The second part of the information theory contains expound on the limits of information being sent, as well as the effect of outside interference, also called noise, on the information. In the past, engineers were limited by how much information could be sent, often thinking it depended on factors like frequency. Shannon use his theory to prove that by using the concept of entropy, or randomness, along with statistical luck to get the maximum amount of information possible. Shannon was also proved how to transmit information error free, despite however much noise there may be.The information theory itself can be co mplex to understand, yet it is simple to understand its many benefits. These benefits that exist solely due to the existance of the information theory are diverse. Not only is the information theory used in communication and computing, but also in psychology, linguistics, and even thermal physics. Many plagiarism signal detection programs use the information theory in order to measure shared information. There is the coding theory, which is in its simplest terms error detection and correction. Computer programmers, for example, are assisted in debugging glitches in software using the coding theory. More important however, is that its the reason why CDs can still function properly even when scratched. The information theory led to data compression techniques, which in turn led to new useful file types such as ZIP and MP3. The theory was also crucial for the function of the internet. Even the success of space exploration programs depended on the information theory to reduce the probl ems of noise and static caused from the enourmous distance betwixt planets.The accomplishments made by Claude Shannon had a large impact on how the United States developed as well as how the world lives today. Just about anything in the world that uses information exists due to Claude Shannons work. Electronics, ranging from simple lamps to supercomputers, are all based upon digital circuitry. While it is arguable that someone would have came up with a similar idea of digital circuitry in the next decade, the United States benefited most from its immediate discovery.Shannon has also worked on cryptology during World War II, managing to help decode opposite transmissions and played a large role in the encryption of US messages. Even presently Claude Shannons influence is felt, new inventions are being created that depend on his ideas. It is much like a tree, where Shannon is the trunk with new innovations being the branches that continue to grow outward.Much of Shannons success is due to his insatiable hunger for knowledge. Most of the worlds state would be content to have done even a tenth of what Shannon has done, yet Shannon himself never was. This is likely because of Shannons child like personality. In his spare time, he developed numerous small trinkets. Not because his goal was fame and fortune, but simply because he wanted to. Why talk about his ground breaking information theory, when his juggling robots are just as important to him? Shannon just didnt want to stop thinking, even at an old age, because inventing and theorizing was fun for him. In an interview he stated, I am more interested in the elegance of a problem. Is it a good problem, an interesting problem? 66 Near the end of his life, he worked on artificial intelligences. Computers that could match the best chess players was an intriguing idea, just like his mouse that could adapt to solve any maze, or a rubix cube solver. While others his age were relaxing in retirement, Shannon enjoyed t hinking of new ideas, theories, and discoveries. Talent or genius isnt determined by the efforts or intelligence of a person, but rather their ability to pursue their options whole heartedly.

Examining leadership theories

Examining lead theories2.1.1 TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP THEORYTransformational leadinghip are those loss drawing cards that shake off vision and passion for great things and attend that their followers are inspired by injecting enthusiasm and energy into them. According to Bertocci (2009), transformational leadership starts with the development of a vision, a view of the future that will kindle potential followers.Transformational leaders are heap oriented and they aim at making sure that the employees are highly committed to achieving the goals of the organisation. They encourage the employees to participate in contri preciselying to the growth of the organisation by allowing them train ideas towards strategic directions.Transformational leaders motivate their followers to perform effectively in an organisation by encouraging, bread and butter and recognise their deed. Furthermore, they as well as delegate project to their followers to enhance their performance and do a follow up to ensure that they are on the efficacyy direction of achieving the goals of the organisation. Transformational leadership focuses on achieving a vision and exceeding goals finished with(predicate) intrinsic motivation and rewards, Bertocci (2009).The transformational leaders encourage the flow of communication in the organisation by clearly communicating the vision and goals of the organisation to the employees and they create a learning and development culture to shake up the employees to bewilder competent. More distinguishedly, they create an provoke workforce where the employees or followers are happy to deliver good services to the customers.2.1.2 TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP THEORYTransactional leadership are leaders that reward their employees jibe to their contributions in modulateliness to enhance their performance and make them effective in the organisation. Transactional leadership focuses on the goal to be satisfyed and provides rewards that are t ied to performance but does not intervene unless the goals are not being met, Bertocci (2009).Transactional leaders believe that employees must obey the instructions given by them and that any task delegated to them must be done on time in order for their efforts to be rewarded. It should be noted, that transactional leadership style is one of the to the highest degree used styles in organisation to enable the leaders or film directors enhance the performance of the employees and to increase productivity in the organisation. According to Bass, the best leadership is based on some(prenominal) transformational and transactional, Homrig (2001).2.1.3 A CASE STUDY OF ASDAAsda lay in is the UKs second largest supermarket and was founded in 1949 in Leeds. For a short time in the 80s Asda stores ltd was a subsidiary of Asda MFI plc. The company went through financial issues in the early 90s, however, under the leadership of Archie Norman (CEO), Asdas long-term sustainability architectu ral plan was developed.When Norman left the organisation to pursue his political career, he was replaced by Allan Leighton and in 2005 Tony de Nunzio replaced Leighton. At present the (CEO) of Asda is Andy Clark.2.1.4 THE IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL AND TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP THEORIES IN THE OPERATIONS OF ASDAAsdas aim is to deliver the best services to its customers by providing affordable goods and services. In order to achieve these aim colleagues at Asda are highly committed at performing their duties effectively. The organisation decided to change the expression and culture of Asda during the period of Norman by marrying the transformational style of leadership. Archie Norman transformed Asda by creating new strategies to change the culture of the organisation his strategies focused on lower prices in order to rend more customers and also developed a customer friendly culture and a flat hierarchy. Norman wanted to build a culture that value audition, open communication, l earning and speed of response.During an interview conducted with one of Asdas store manager who stated that at present Andy Clarke has continue the use of the same transformational theory of leadership in order to accomplish the vision and sustainability of Asda, and one of the reason was to develop a dedicated team for delivering goods to the customers and to make sure the customers are happy.In order to motivate their colleagues in achieving the goals of the organisation they encourage their performance through what they call huddles. The huddle is a way of keeping everyone informed ab issue how the employment is performing, Asda (2008). The store manager ensures that they communicate the activities for the day and ease the colleagues stay focused in achieving the goals of the organisation.They also provide learn and development programmes that is suitable for the employees in order to condescend them with everything they need for their job and to also enhance their performanc e. The programme is developed to also strengthen the employees in order for them to be able to achieve the goals of the organisation and most importantly for them to have knowledge about the job. They also make sure that new employees understand the nature of their job and the unique culture of the organisation through a proper induction programme. After which they provide the employees with all the necessary tools to deliver their jobs effectively. Asda provides pedagogy programmes such as tailored training, colleague to manager, new sell managers etc.The duty managers at Asda also empower their colleagues by giving them the opportunity to put ideas that will add more value to the organisation Andy Clark uses his proposal scheme to encourage colleagues to present ideas to make the business even more successful, Asda (2010).The tell Andy gives the colleagues opportunities to contribute ideas during ensureings which eventually encourages the colleagues at Asda to be part of the o rganisation.At Asda, the leaders encourage the performance of their colleagues by recognising their contributions towards the success of the organisation. They offer those employees that have contributed in a unique way a competitive package to show their appreciations. At Asda, the leaders also reward their employees according to the contributions they bring forward. The bonus scheme is designed to recognise and reward colleagues for their valued contributions.It should also be noted that the managers allocates and communicates what is to be done to their colleagues and also make them aware of the rewards and benefits they get according to how effective they are in carrying out their various task.2.2 LEADERSHIP STRATEGY THAT SUPPORTS ORGANISATIONAL DIRECTIONleaders strategy makes explicit how many leaders you need, what kind, where, with what skills and behaving in what fashion individually and collectively to achieve the total success you seek, Pasmore (2010).In order for a leader to shape effective in an organisation, the leader postulate to understand the vision, mission, values and goals to be able to formulate strategies to really fit with the objectives of the organisation and how to achieve the strategies to accomplish the goals of the organisation. A leader cannot move an organisation forward without the people, therefore people with potentials are needed to support the growth of the organisation.Andy Clarke created strategies to support the growth of Asda by using a concept which he called tell Andy concept and the suggestion scheme to encourage colleagues to come together to meet the goals of the organisation. The idea of the strategies is to make the colleagues be a part of the organisation by presenting their ideas to make the business even more successful. Furthermore, if the ideas of the colleagues are accepted the duty managers ensure that the contributions are recognised and rewarded.2.3 CONCLUSIONIn my analysis, I was able to understand th at the impact of transformational and transactional leadership theories in Asda makes the organisation very effective in providing the best services for their customers. However, I would wish to also suggest the path goal theory of leadership in the organisation which will also contribute to making sure that the task given to employees at Asda will be carried out within the given period of time. The path goal theory proposes that effective leaders motivate their followers by rewarding performance and the accomplishment of goals within time frames set by the task, Bretocci (2009).The use of the theory in the organisation will further encourage employees more and make them even more effective in delivering good customer service in Asda.BIBLIOGRAPHYAsda 2008 www.asda.jobs/all-about/index.html assessed on 30/12/2010Asda 2010 www.asda.jobs/hourly/training-and-benefits/recognition assessed on 30/12/2010David I. Bertocci 2009, leadership in organizations there is a difference between lead ers and managers (published by university press of America inc.) pgs. 52, 56, 59Colonel Mark A. Homrig 2001(http//www.leadership.au.af.mil/documents/homrig.htm) assessed on 21/12/2010TASK 3 PLANNING FOR LEADERSHIP3.1 INTRODUCTIONIn this task I will be presenting the leadership requirements and planning for the development of leadership skills to support the growth of an organisation.3.1.1 APPROPRIATE METHODS TO REVIEW CURRENT LEADERSHIP REQUIREMENTSIn order for an organisation to be successful in their business the management needs skilful and talented leaders that will support the employees in effectively driving the workforce of the organisation to attain its goals. To be an effective and good leader entails looking into the future of the organisation for continuous growth therefore it is important for every organisation that is working towards success to have leaders that will initiate and bring ideas forward in the interest of the organisation and a highly skilled labour force t hat will also help the organisation to become highly competitive.Therefore, to be a competent leader, effective communication skills, effective time management, effective decision making, effective innovative skills, effective planning, effective listening skills, effective coaching skills, effective people management skills, effective motivating skills etc. are needed to develop plans to meet the requirements of the organisation.More importantly, the performance of the employees to meet the objectives of the organisation depends on the culture and structure of the organisation and it should be noted that a bad culture can be an obstacle to the progress of the organisation. However, as a good leader with good qualities of leadership Im required to restructure the organisation by initiating ideas to move the organisation from a bad culture and structure to a get out one. Also bearing in mind that the most difficult part of restructuring is telling employees not to do what they are u sed to doing which might lead to the employees resisting to changes in the organisation, therefore a drastic leadership qualities will then be needed to change the behaviour of the employees by communicating with them to permit them know the reasons for a strategic change and how the change will have an impact on them as well as the organisation. It is however, also important to adopt different styles of leadership to enable me adapt to different situations or difficulties that might arise in the organisation. Furthermore, the decide of adopting the different styles of leadership is to be able to need with challenges like managing people in the organisation during the strategic change by supporting them in carrying out an effective task in the new structure. The purpose of change is to move an organisation from its present point to a different one which is more desirable in meeting its objectives, Hannagan (2002).3.2 PLANNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF emerging SITUATIONSPlanning he lps to ensure that the future is taken into account, which may help the organisation to control the situation it finds itself in as far as possible and to pay off for unexpected eventualities, Hannagan (2002).There are new approaches and technological advancements coming up every day and in order to keep up with the changes in technology, training and development is important. Therefore, coaching skills is required to coach and support the employees with the ever changing developments to enable them come together to achieve a goal. To follow up on the employees is my responsibility as an effective leader to make sure everything is going well with them during the training and if additional coaching is needed to make them carry out their task effectively it should be provided without any hesitates.4.1 PLANNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENTS OF LEADERSHIP SKILLS FOR A SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTHaving identified the leadership skills required above (see fig 3.1.1) to become a competent leader in takin g up a role in management, it is important to carry out a proper plan on developing the skills. It should be noted that, i already have some leadership skills used in supporting my personal business but it is important to improve the skills and develop new ones to enable me meet professional requirements.To attain the role of a human resource manager in the family business in two years it is necessary to get a degree in the MBA programme by 2012 to set me on a journey of achieving my training goals. Furthermore, the learning objectives is to make me exhibit required skills in managing people because the human resource department is all about looking after the welfare of the people in the organisation, to exhibit communication skills to be able to express and analyse clearly the vision, mission and goals of the organisation. However, it should be noted that there are different ways of communicating with people therefore, it is important to develop interpersonal communication skills like listening skills, writing skills to be able to interact with the employees. It will also help to exhibit skills in team-working because the human resource manager is all about working with other members and departments to come together to achieve the goals of the organisation.In achieving the learning objectives it is important to practise and develop myself by addressing major issues that include managing people during a strategic change, problem solving and all the other necessary skills required of a human resource manager in an organisation. In order to boost the leadership skills, it should be noted, that practising these skills will help to improve my performance on how to effectively lead employees in the organisation. More importantly, to be a professional leader, continuous learning and self-development is also necessary so after my MBA programme I would like to further gain more experience in human resource management by enrolling in a three months professional course ski binding home in my country to enable me boost my profile and to be well qualified to take over the role of the human resource manager in the family business.On successful completion of the MBA programme and the three months professional course in human resource management, I am sure to have improved on my skills and be ready to effectively carry out my responsibilities as the new human resource manager in the family business in the nearest future.4.2 REPORT ON USEFULNESS OF METHODS USED IN PLANNING THE DEVELOPMENTS OF LEADERSHIP SKILLSThe purpose of the learning method is to enhance my knowledge and performance on the new and existing skills that I have. The learning is useful because it gives the knowledge of how a good leader should behave and set good examples for the followers. It further gives me a better understanding of strategic leadership and management.The use of the self-development method in planning for the leadership skills needed is to help me develop myself thr ough practising the skills of a leader.4.3 CONCLUSIONFinally,

Essay --

Longitudinal research was used in this study because it is a type of research method used to determine relationships between variables that are non correlated to several background variables. This allows researchers to conduct an observation on the same group of individuals over an extended period of time. The Minnesota Twin Family Study is a longitudinal study of twins. I believe this was chosen because it seeks to pinpoint the genetic and environmental impacts on the change of psychological traits over a period of time. selective information collection was also used in this study. I believe this was chosen because the data was first collected at the beginning of the study and assembled throughout the design of the study. The data collected by researchers indicate that the IQs of the adult monozygotic reared apart twins measured with various instruments in four independent studies link more or less 0.70, indicating that about 70% of the observed variation in IQ in this population can be ascribed to genetic variation. Researchers found that two-thirds of the observed variance of IQ can be drawn to genetic v...

Designing an Automatic Air Freshener Robot :: Robotics

The Automatic Air FreshenerOur project idea is to create an automatic appearance freshener robot. This robot will follow apath created by colored tape along a board to a holder with a piece of pH subject and liquids withvarying pH levels. After the paper is dipped into the liquid and the color changes, the robot willdetect what color it is and respond accordingly. If the odor is foul, it will choose to spray theair freshener. The solo thing it will be programmed to do is to detect the foul odor and tospray the air freshener, because that is its only purpose.Smell. One of our five senses. Its used everyday to athletic supporter us gain a better understanding ofour surroundings. But how does it work? Olfaction, or smell, is the detection of chemicals in oursurroundings. For humans, odors are processed in our olfactory epithelium. We pass on thousandsof genes that act as odor sensory receptors. Each of these genes act as a lock, with the odor moleculesacting as the key. When the c orrect odor molecule fits into the olfactory receptor neuron, a signalis sent to our brain, allowing it to determine whether the odor is pleasant or repulsive.In order to remove the foul odor, our robot will employ air fresheners. Many airfresheners use extracts from plants, fruits, and flowers. While the history of perfume dates backmillenia to the Ancient Egyptians, many modern-day armoatics are produced synthetically in alab. in that location are many different kinds on the market. One type of advanced air freshener workslike a charcoal or pollen filter. They filter out of the air all the foul smelling particles. Othertypes of air freshener stop absorb the odor molecules. Also, some disinfect by killing bacteriaand germs that sometimes cause the bad odors. However, most air fresheners use masking,introducing a stronger fragrance that humans find favorable, masking out the unpleasant smells.For our project, we will be using the type of air freshener that masks the smell.For ou r project, we were going to put together a robot that would be able to detect suchbad odors and to spray air freshener in the general area, thus masking the unwanted smell.Currently, there is no product on the market that does such a job. However, there is one productthat can detect bad smells and report the data to the user. It is a halitosis detector made by theJapanese company Tanita called Fresh Kiss (Tsunoda). It analyzes gas in ones back talk using a gas

Laughter :: essays research papers

A little old lady went into the Bank ofMelbourneone day, carrying a bag of money.She insisted that she must speak with> the manager of the verify to open a savingsaccountbecause, "Its a lot of money"> After much hemming and hawing, the bank stafffinally ushered her into the managerss office (the customer is always right). The bank manager then asked her how much shewouldlike to deposit.> She replied, "$165,000" and dumped the cashoutof her bag onto his desk.> The manager was of course curious as to howshecame by all this cash,so he asked her, "Maam, Im surprised yourecarrying> so much cash around. Where did you get thismoney?" > The old lady replied, "I make take cares."> The manager then asked, "Bets? What kind of awaits?"> The old womanhood said, "Well, for example, Illbetyou $25,000 that your balls are square." > "Ha" laughed the manager, "Thats a stupidbet.You can never win that kind of bet"> The old lady challenged, "So, would you liketotake my bet?"> "Sure," said the manager, "Ill bet $25,000thatmy balls are not square"> The little old lady then said, "Okay, butsincethere is a lot of money involved, may I bring my attorney with me tomorrow at 10am as a witness?"> "Sure" replied the confident manager.> That night, the manager got very nervous aboutthebet and spent a long time in front of a mirrorcheckinghis balls,turning from side to side, again andagain. Hethoroughly checked them out until he was surethat there wasabsolutely no way his balls were square and thathe would win the bet.> The next morning, at precisely 10am, thelittleold lady appeared with her lawyer at themanagers office. She introduced the lawyer to the manager andrepeated the bet"$25,000 says the managers balls are square" The manager agreed with the bet> again and the old lady asked him to drop his heaveso they could all see. The manager compl ied.

Humanity as a Bridge :: essays research papers

People of the world ar very different in many a(prenominal) ways, and yet similarities exist. Many languages are spoken, many religions are practiced, but we have one 1 thing in common, humanity. By definition, humanity is what makes us billet of the human race. Humanity is like a universal bridge, connecting groups of concourse to each other. Without humanity, you have many groups stranded like islands. We have to celebrate this bridge, and allow others to come home it, to experience our different cultures. We can use this knowledge of our various cultures to improve ourselves as human beings. If were not improving, then we are taking a tonicity back, enough steps back and we will eventually come back to where we started from. Instead we should take steps forward, crossing this bridge and uniting with the people on the other side. Uniting with people is essential to stop unwanted accidental misunderstand. Those that are not united are not familiar with each other, and those that are unfamiliar with each other have more than differences, and when differences exist, conflicts arise. With conflicts come wars, with wars come destruction, destruction of the crucial bridges that connect us. If we cross the universal bridge more often, we will virtually eliminate hate and racism, something which we desperately need in this crucial and sensitive time. People of the world are very different in many ways, and yet similarities exist. Many languages are spoken, many religions are practiced, but we have one 1 thing in common, humanity. By definition, humanity is what makes us part of the human race. Humanity is like a universal bridge, connecting groups of people to each other. Without humanity, you have many groups stranded like islands. We have to celebrate this bridge, and allow others to cross it, to experience our different cultures. We can use this knowledge of our various cultures to improve ourselves as human beings. If were not improving, then we are taki ng a step back, enough steps back and we will eventually come back to where we started from. Instead we should take steps forward, crossing this bridge and uniting with the people on the other side.

Subjectivity in Edith Whartons The House of Mirth Essay -- House Mirt

Subjectivity in Edith Whartons The House of Mirth Edith Whartons The House of Mirth presents an interesting study of the accessible construction of subjectivity. The Victorian smart set which Whartons characters inhabit is defined by a rigid structure of morals and manners in which ones identity is determined by apparent conformity with or transgression of social norms. What is conspicuous about this brand of social identification is its decidedly linguistic nature. In this context, behaviors themselves are rendered as text, and the incessant social idea in which the characters of the novel participate is a process of deciphering this script of behavior. Peoples actions here are read, as it were, according to the unique social grammar of this society. The novels treatment of this conception of social reading is brought to the fore through its devaluing of written texts in favor of legible behaviors. The novel signals this pattern from its opening. In the first scen e we are introduced to Selden, engaged in what we discover is a typical activity for the novels personae, the silent, personal, interrogation of another person. If she had appeared to be catching a train, we are told, he might have inferred that he had mother on her in an act of transition between one and another of the country houses which disputed her presence(5emphases mine). Here, Selden, at his first glimpse of Lily, has taken to conjecturing all told manner of explanations for her simple presence in the train station. He, like all members of his social niche, does not shy away from judgement until he is more fully appraised of her situation. Even, the slightest air of irresolution gives him license to divert his at... ...bling Structure of Appearances Representation and Authenticity in The House of Mirth and The Custom of the Country. Modern Fiction Studies 43.2 (1997) 349-73. Gerard, Bonnie Lynn. From teatime to Chloral Raising the Dead Lily Bart. Twentieth C entury Literature 44.4 (1998) 409-27. Howard, Maureen. On The House of Mirth. Raritan 15 (1996) 23 pp. 28 Oct. 2002 <http//proxy.govst.edu2069/WebZ/FTFETCH>. Howe, Irving. Edith Wharton, a Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1962. Miller, Mandy. Edith Wharton Page. 19 Nov. 2002 <http//www.Kutztown.edu/ competency/Reagan.Wharton.html>. Pizer, Donald. The Naturalism of Edith Whartons The House of Mirth. Twentieth Century Literature 41.2 (1995) 241-8. Wharton, Edith. The House of Mirth. (1905) New York Signet,. 1998.